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Ⅰ . New
agriculture in the 21st century
Faced with the changing situation
of the epidemic in 2020, countries all over the world are fighting the
epidemic. Food security has become a basic means
to stabilize society. After the epidemic, the worldwide agriculture
should look like?
1. Self-sufficient agriculture
will be replaced by enterprise production
Self-sufficiency is representative
of a farm, from grain, fruits and vegetables, animal meat and so on, all
from own production , only parts of the exchange with other
farmers. However, modern agricultural industries can no longer adopt
this method. Subsistence agriculture tend to be the lowest cost and the
least efficient production methods. Enterprise production also known
as Agriculture-Business, Commercial's Agriculture, Agriculture
enterprization. Enterprise production is not as representatives of the
European and American agricultural company with several hundred hectares
to tens of thousands of hectares of land and only produce a single crop.
The commercialization in agriculture represent produce the products in
science and technology oriented.
2. The three main bodies of
agricultural production
Food crops: rice, wheat, corn,
soybeans, etc.
Nutritional sources:
plant sources such as vegetables and fruits. Animal sources are like
livestock and aquatic products.
Economic crops: such as tea,
coffee, cocoa, rubber , oil palm, etc.
3. Agriculture has become
ecological, systemic, and integrated agriculture
It is not necessarily a single crop
on a single land, but integrated production of agriculture, livestock,
and aquaculture. Waste can be processed for reuse. The integrated
production can be carried out in one region, one country or several
countries.
4. Mechanization and Automation
Agriculture
Young person leaves rural
gradually, urbanization ratio is increased. The rural population is
dominated by the elderly, women and children. Agricultural operations
with limited manpower needs be replaced by the mechanization and
automation graduately.
5. The division of labor in the
global industrial chain will change
It is impossible to
regain complete self-sufficiency in foods. Unless a country is an
island, desert or city, it will have its own partial proportional of
foods supply chain. That is, each country need to produce partial foods
for itself.
6. Global climate change
Because of the climate change,
agriculture will bound from static passive state, to towards dynamic
initiative.
Agricultural production needs to be arranged
in advance planning.
Ⅱ . The
characteristics of modern agriculture in developing countries
1. Rural labor, especially young
people move to urban, the problem of land inheritance and ownership will
easily solve. The meaning of land as an asset is decreasing in the young
generation.
2. The developing countries can
avoid the errors of the developing countries. The walk-term of
agriculture modernization then is shorten. The errors of agriculture
modernization include the excessive use of chemicals, excessive
mechanization, excessive dependence on a single crop, and not linked of
the three major industries of agriculture, livestock, and
aquaculture.
3. To assist the developing
countries, it is necessary to break away from the previous economic
assistance and send short-term experts. The understand the natural
climate and soil conditions of the country, and the training of local
talents are the key. The existing official systems and related
units such as agricultural research and extension stations must be
activated.
Ⅲ . To
building a modern country from agricultural modernization
1.Agriculture has the largest
proportion and the lowest GDP proportion of the population, it becomes
the upgrading of economic sectors.
2.Rural areas can release more
manpower to the industrial and commercial sector. However, it is
necessary to maintain sufficient manpower in rural areas
3.Agricultural income can promote
economic and market viability. Rural purchasing power can drive the
people's livelihood industry and light industry.
4. The processing of agricultural
modernization need to consider the maintain the ecological
environment. Besides of the food security, the nutritional balance,
economic income, and land integrity are important factors for the
development of country.
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